A water molecule consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and even smaller particles. The protons are grouped at the center of the atom in the nucleus, while the electrons orbit around the nucleus of the atom.
Electrons carry a negative charge. Protons carry a positive charge. Electrically stable atoms always have the same amount of electrons and protons. When the number of electrons and protons is not the same, the atom is electrically charged. This is called an ion.
The hydrogen atom has 1 proton and 1 electron.
The oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 electrons
When two hydrogen atoms bond chemically with an oxygen atom, a water molecule is formed.
When oxygen and hydrogen combine to make water, a covalent bond is formed between the atoms. In a covalent bond, the atoms to form a molecule with shared electrons. In a water molecule the electrons are shared unequally. There are more electrons occupying the space around the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atom. The oxygen end of the molecule has a net negative charge, while the hydrogen end has a net positive charge. Because of the unequal sharing of electrons opposite charges are produced. The unequal electrostatic forces bond atoms of the water molecule chemically.
The unequal sharing of electrons produces a positive and negative side to the water molecule. This is referred to as a polar or dipole.
more on the water molecule
links
Water Molecule Website
Water Molecule Website (A good Interactive site but based on microwaves)
Water Molecule Website
Water Molecule Website
Oxygen gas molecule
Hydrogen Gas molecule
Understanding Voltage
There are three known different forces/fields. They are gravity, magnetism, and voltage.
Voltage is basically the difference of electrons in two different locations. The greater the difference in the number of electrons in one location compared to the second location, the higher the voltage.
When you put the water molecule in a voltage field it will move itself to the appropriate positive and negative voltage fields. This happens because water is a dipole molecule with a positive and negative ends.
opposites attract ! see below
Websites that explain voltage
Some Basics site
Voltage Site 1
Voltage Site 2
Voltage Site 3 and the Water Molecule (A good Interactive site but based on microwaves)
Electrolysis vs. The Water Fuel Cell
Electrolysis separates water into hydrogen and oxygen. This process is done by constantly introducing electrons into the water solution.
Here is a link to information that best describes the process
Electrolysis Site
The water fuel cell uses a different process from electrolysis. In the fuel cell electrons are restricted, the water molecule undergoes a lot more stress, and an added sequence of events produce a much higher energy efficiency than electrolysis.
Stanley Meyer's Discovery
This is my understanding at present and is subject to change, although some WFC experimenters have also agreed with me on some of the things I am presenting.
Stanley Meyer found a way to use Voltage (electrostatic force) so that hydrogen and oxygen could be released on demand, serve our energy needs, and be sustained with very minimal power requirements
My simplified explanation of the material explains this process.
Stanley Meyer Identified two stages of gas production these are
Electrical Polarization process (Minimal Gas Yield)
Resonant gas production (High Gas Yield)
Electrical Polarization process
Electrostatic force chemically bonds the atoms of the water molecule. Stanley knew that if you raised voltage to a certain level electrons could be stripped of the water molecule. During this process the bonding force between the atomic structures of water is weakened.
For this to happen a few unconventional approaches had to be devised.
The Hydrogen Fracturing Process (Technical Brief) Book extract pg 1-16
The strong voltage force was used to strip electrons to weaken the electrostatic force that holds the water molecule together.
This is only possible because electron flow was inhibited.
Restricting electron flow and using pulses gave Stanley the following advantages over electrolysis:
The gap between the electrodes could be kept to a minimum (around 1mm). This was achieved because arcing could not occur with restricted electron flow.
keeps voltage high across the electrodes and prevents it from dropping to nothing.
Imagine the force of having this high voltage field with electron flow restricted. The water molecule would be pretty stressed out!
Maybe another way to visualize what I am saying Is imagine a magnetic force, as the magnet gets closer and closer it increases in strength. If the water molecule was effected by a magnetic force it would be ripped apart but the water molecule is not. (so it is useless using a magnetic force)
The Water molecule only reacts to a voltage/electrostatic force. That is why Stanley Meyer needed to restrict electron flow, if you bring a high voltage field closer and closer together, it will get to a point when it will arc (we don't want this!!!!). when it arcs electron flow has occurred and all that attracting force is lost. Relating this to the example above, it would be if the magnetic force was turned off.
A Point to Ponder: How can there be an arc, if there are no electrons to leak?
We still may need a little electron flow. That is why we need to experiment.
Electrical Polarization Process (Minimal Gas Yield)
The Hydrogen Fracturing Process (Technical Brief) Book extract pg 3-14
The Hydrogen Fracturing Process (Technical Brief) Book extract pg 1-7
My Diagrams
The step charging waveform below is discussed in further sections of my site, so don't worry about how it is produced at the moment. The waveform shows the effect on the water molecule when voltage increases in a progressive manner.
Method Of Production of fuel gas patent 4,936,961
Resonant Action (High Gas Yield)
The Hydrogen Fracturing Process (Technical Brief) Book extract pg 3-15
The Hydrogen Fracturing Process (Technical Brief) Book extract pg 3-15 - 3-16
My Drawing Describing Resonant Action
The main thing to note from this pulsed step charging is that it ionizers the hydrogen and oxygen atom (positive). This causes particle impact that will happen at a constant rate and can
be increased with voltage amplitude or adjustment to frequency. This effect of ionization and particle impact now exerts another effect separate to the polarization gas production, This effect is Resonant action gas production, It is possible Stanley Meyer says to increase gas yield to equal the flow rate of water entering the cell !!!!!!
I based the above drawing on the information from the text extract above (technical brief) and also from the DVD's I have in for available here
Note:-
Resonate gas production during the pulse off period is actually sustained for a certain period of time.
The Hydrogen Fracturing Process (Technical Brief) Book extract pg 5-8 - 5-9
the voltage levels in the waveform below show the two stages we are interested in. these are...
Electrical Polarization Process
Gas Ionization Stage (Resonant Action)
Don't worry about the other points in the waveform, there for Stans water fuel injector we will discuss that in a another section. The graph just shows you that raising voltage and adjusting the pulse frequency will bring on resonate gas production. We don't need to get as high as 64n that would be used for his advanced version called the Water Injector System. Lets just get some gas on demand before we worry about that!!!
To further your understanding of the technology I suggest you study this information.
Hydrogen Fracturing Process Book
Gas generator voltage control circuit
Method for the production of a fuel gas
Video footage The Water Fuel Cell DVDs
Production of Hydrogen and oxygen on demand happens using the powerful force of voltage, with restricting electron flow.
We will look into how to tune into both the Electrical Polarization process and Resonant gas production in further sections of this website.
My goal is to explain in the most basic terms possible the effects of the water fuel cell. The patents and other information can be obtained in the resources section. This section provides more detail and might answer most of the other questions you may have.
Some specifics are lacking in the patents, but the idea just needs experimenting, good trial and error procedure, and logical thinking.
I will continue my research, but this is a huge project. I propose a group effort.
Note: I have made an effort to back up these claims with reference material and links. Materials presented here are my understandings at present and are subject to change. Experimenters in this area have agreed with me about resistance being the key!
To discuss this further please visit the forum here.
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